氫氧化鉀與油脂混合反響后，能促使油脂水解，與水解后的酸發(fā)作中和反響。堿是制造清潔用品必需的，普通制造液態(tài)皂時(shí)運(yùn)用氫氧化鉀，固態(tài)皂時(shí)運(yùn)用氫氧化鈉，它們都是堿。堿與油脂反響后構(gòu)成皂和甘油，成熟皂的主要成分是“脂肪酸鹽”，這是一種外表活性劑，有親油端和親水端。親油端分離皮膚中的過(guò)氧化油脂和污垢，在沖水的時(shí)分親水端就會(huì)與水分離帶走污垢，因而起到了清潔的作用。這就是固體肥皂或液體皂的清潔原理。
It is harmful to some extent, but the reaction of potassium hydroxide mixed with oil can promote the hydrolysis of oil and neutralize the reaction with the acid attack after hydrolysis. Alkali is necessary for making cleaning products. Potassium hydroxide is used for making liquid soap and sodium hydroxide is used for solid soap. They are all alkali. Soap and glycerol are formed after alkali and oil react. The main component of mature soap is "high fatty acid salt", which is a surfactant with hydrophilic and lipophilic ends. The hydrophilic end separates the peroxide oil and dirt from the skin. When flushing, the hydrophilic end separates the dirt from the water and thus cleans the skin. This is the cleaning principle of solid soap or liquid soap.
氫氧化鉀的化學(xué)式：KOH， 式量：56.1白色粉末或片狀固體。 熔點(diǎn)380℃，沸點(diǎn)1324℃， 相對(duì)密度2.04g/cm 3， 折射率n20/D1.421， 蒸汽壓1mmHg（719℃）。具強(qiáng)堿性及腐蝕性。極易吸收空氣中水分而潮解，吸收二氧化碳而成碳酸鉀。溶于約0.6份熱水、0.9份冷水、3份乙醇、2.5份甘油。當(dāng)溶解于水、醇或用酸處置時(shí)產(chǎn)生大量熱量。0.1mol/L溶液的pH為13.5。中等毒，半數(shù)致死量（大鼠，經(jīng)口）1230mg/kg。溶于乙醇，微溶于醚。有極強(qiáng)的堿性和腐蝕性，其性質(zhì)與燒堿類似。中等毒， 半數(shù)致死量（大鼠，經(jīng)口）1230mg/kg。！
Chemical formula of potassium hydroxide: KOH, formula amount: 56.1 white powder or flake solid. Melting point 380 C, boiling point 1324 C, relative density 2.04g/cm 3, refractive index n20/D1.421, vapor pressure 1 mmHg (719 C). Strong alkalinity and corrosiveness. It is easy to absorb water in the air and deliquescence, and absorb carbon dioxide to form potassium carbonate. Soluble in about 0.6 parts of hot water, 0.9 parts of cold water, 3 parts of ethanol, 2.5 parts of glycerol. When dissolved in water, alcohol or treated with acid, a large amount of heat is generated. The pH of 0.1 mol/L solution is 13.5. Moderate toxicity, half lethal dose (rat, oral) 1230 mg/kg. Soluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in ether. It has strong alkalinity and corrosiveness, and its properties are similar to those of caustic soda. Moderate toxicity, half lethal dose (rat, oral) 1230 mg/kg.
氫氧化鉀在密封保管的狀況下，是長(zhǎng)時(shí)間有效的。
Potassium hydroxide is effective for a long time in sealed storage.
氫氧化鉀怕水會(huì)潮解！怕開(kāi)放，由于會(huì)吸收空氣中二氧化碳，變?yōu)樘妓徕洠?/div>
Potassium hydroxide is afraid that water will break down! Fear of opening up, because it will absorb carbon dioxide in the air, into potassium carbonate!
過(guò)度加熱：會(huì)和玻璃發(fā)作反響，生成硅酸鉀的硅酸鹽，產(chǎn)生雜質(zhì)。
Overheating: It will react with the glass to produce potassium silicate and impurities.
所以只需密閉保管，不存在保質(zhì)期的問(wèn)題。假如破袋后，倡議盡快運(yùn)用！
So it only needs to be kept in closed storage, and there is no problem of shelf life. If the bag is broken, it is advisable to use it as soon as possible.
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